Today everyone is looking for options to increase money in their pockets for a better living. With these objectives when some of us put all our heart and soul to get our pocket loaded with some good money on the other side there are lot others who are going through some illegal approaches to do the same. With a no. of such practices available let us discuss one of them i.e. TAX EVASION.
Tax evasion is a common practice by the people for saving their taxes. Whether a celebrity, a business man or a common man nobody is left from this practice. Under income tax slab under some sections it has been made certain conditions to pay certain amount of money of their income to the government as tax. Directly or indirectly these taxes are used by the government for society.Government makes certain plans for the benefit of the society.
Tax evasion is an illegal practice through which a person avoid paying taxes imposed on him/ her, whether it’s a corporate, trust, celebrity or a common person. Through this practice they get involve in misappropriation of taxes. Financial accounts i.e. profit and loss accounts and the balance sheet depicts the true and fair picture of the firm. Therefore, tax payers ask their auditor to misappropriate their financial accounts and hide the true status of their firm so that they will have to pay minimum tax. Tax evasion is a crime in all developed countries and the guilty party is liable to imprisonment and fine as well.Tax evasion describes a range of activities that intend to destroy a state’s tax system.
TYPES OF TAX EVASIONS
(1) Income tax evasion
(2) Sales tax evasion
(3) Value added tax evasion (VAT)
1. INCOME TAX EVASION
Income tax are tax over financial income of an individual of a country, state imposed by its government. As per the rule and law by the constitution it has been made mandatory to every citizen, businesses of a country to file an income tax refund every financial year. This is done to see whether the individual owe any taxes or they are eligible for tax return. Income tax is the main source of revenue or fund for the government. Through these funds government take out various activities to serve and facilitate public. In most of the countries there is system made under which the higher earners or income individuals are liable to pay higher tax compared to relatively lower income people. The main purpose and benefit of paying income tax is the repayment of the amount of debt occurred due to any valid prescribed reason. Income tax evasion is done by undervaluing the amount of total income of a person. This practice does not show the real income of the person and only the shown income are presented as taxable income as the real picture of the financial statements are hidden. People follow this practice to show that they do not fall under heavy income group.
2. SALES TAX EVASION
Sale by a person engaged in retail is liable to pay sales tax over the amount of sales rendered. The seller is ultimately responsible for paying the amount of total sales tax. Sales tax is paid on the amount of sales on a particular fixed rate in the sales tax office. Though the rate of taxes varies state wise Tax rates are higher at the locations where the voters have approved additional taxes. Generally the base rate at present is 7.50 per cent. Under the Indian revenue and taxation code it has been made fine and imprisonment if a person found guilty evading the taxes. Sale tax evasion is a common practice done by the retailer. Retailers charge sale tax to the customers on the goods sold by them but they intentionally do not make any report about the same and make tax evasion. Sales tax evasion can be harmful to the country or a state as it is a major source of revenue for the state or a country. Sales tax evasion reduces the availability of funds available for various services. It supports various services in an economy. Sales tax is not charged on the exported products but imported products are taxable.
3. VALUE ADDED TAX EVASION
Whenever there is an added value at the any stage of production or at final sale of a product a consumption tax is placed on that particular product, this is considered as value added tax (VAT) for that product. In common terms, it is a consumption tax from a buyer perspective. In many countries including India value added tax is applicable and charged. The uniform rate of VAT in allover India is 5 per cent to 12.5 per cent. The whole purpose of charging the value added tax is same as the income tax i.e. generating revenue for the government. The value added tax is calculated by deducting the the cost of materials and other taxable inputs from a particular product or service from the sale price charged to a customer. It is like the sales tax only, the only difference is that value added tax are charged to the end customers only and are collected and remitted to the government after the purchase by a customer. VAT is also charged on the products which are to be exported. VAT evasion is generally done by the producers or sellers who collect VAT from the customers by under-reporting the amount of sales or by not reporting. This causes less number of sale units and amount and ultimately saves tax.
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